Essay on helping someone
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Tuesday, August 25, 2020
Art 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Craftsmanship 2 - Essay Example Bill Violoaââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"The Greetingâ⬠was an endeavor to put Pontormoââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"The Visitationâ⬠on record. So as to breath life into an image through video, Violoaââ¬â¢s scene starts with two ladies that following a couple of moments are hindered by a third. In Violoaââ¬â¢s work, the principal lady is moderately aged, the other more youthful, while the third lady is a companion of the more seasoned lady. The third lady grasps the lady she knows, forgetting about the other lady. In any case, after a snapshot of cumbersomeness, the three make casual banter. The entirety of this is an induction, since there is no stable by any stretch of the imagination. Everything on the video must be interpretive through signals and articulations. Like with ââ¬Å"The Visitationâ⬠, ââ¬Å"The Greetingâ⬠can be deciphered as companions visiting. The canvas and video just have additionally meaning, if the watcher knows about the Biblical story of Mary and Elizabeth. Both Pontormo and Violoa utilize their minds to depict this occasion. Violoa utilized Pontormoââ¬â¢s thought in the first place, yet then the video turns into his own. Still workmanship has constraints that the mode of video doesn't have. Violoa could utilize more motions and articulations to portray his contemplations, while Pontormo just had the mechanism of oil a still depictation. Both Pontormo and Violoaââ¬â¢s craftsmanship are novel and individual, while of a similar subject. Urban framework must be feasible. Design must make urban foundations economical, regardless of whether New York City, Austin, or Tokyo. Each urban framework must have engineers construct open vehicles (transports, metros, streets, tracks), proficient structures (green structures, vitality productive), low effect advancement to secure water assets, leaves, vitality requested administrations. Urban foundation can crush common assets expected to live, similar to trees, water, and untamed life. Contamination can be an issue. Great design can chop these issues down to reasonable levels. Modelers assemble more than
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Natural Equality And Civil Society Essays - Social Inequality
Common Equality And Civil Society Common Equality and Civil Society As indicated by John Locke in his Second Treatise of Government, characteristic balance is a fundamental part of the condition of nature; the ?condition of nature' being one of harmony, peacefulness, and equity, where there is no regular force guided by reason. Be that as it may, the absence of regular force likewise supplies a bother for the condition of nature? the bent to fall into a condition of war without any way to get away from it. To stay away from this burden, Locke thinks that its a need to shape common society governed by a typical authority of law. For a such government to safeguard its authenticity, the change into common society must keep up some level of equity. The beginning of property, the presentation of cash, and moreover the act of subjection are three reasons certain parts of regular correspondence are relinquished in the change to common society. To evaluate the degree of loss of normal uniformity, we should initially come to comprehend what Locke's meaning of equity is: A condition of balance, wherein all the force and locale is complementary, nobody having more than another; there being nothing progressively obvious, than that animals of similar species and rank, indiscriminately destined to no different favorable circumstances of nature, and the utilization of similar resources, ought to be equivalent one among another without subjection or coercion.. . . [pg.8] At the point when one knows Locke's meaning of uniformity, the unimportant presence of property takes away from our regular correspondence. Let us look at the sources of property. Locke recommends the root of property is of God, highlighting the 115th Psalm refrain 16 of the Old Testament, . . .God, as lord David says, ?. . .has given the earth to the offspring of men; offered it to humankind in like manner. [pg.18] Even however God has given the earth to all mankind in like manner, Locke accepts that humanity, bearing natural explanation, has the privilege to utilize the earth to his/her best favorable position of life, and convenience.[pg 18] Here untruths the issue. In the event that every single individual are to utilize the earth to further their ?best potential benefit' and the earth is the normal property of all, somebody some place will have clashing interests with another person over the ownership of something. The main cure is to forfeit his/her balance by assent (It isn't likely that one would give up correspondence to another) OR to enter a ?condition of war.' The main insurance against the condition of war in John Locke's feeling is to go into common society administered by a typical power. By taking this measure, Locke demands mankind can more readily secure itself against war and save the option to appreciate what one has, . . . since no political society can be, nor remain alive, without having in itself the ability to protect the property [pg. 18]. Entering common society requires giving over one's official rights and submitting to a typical authority by law. In this way, as indicated by Locke's meaning of correspondence, surrendering one's common official rights implies normal equity is not, at this point genuinely existent. In spite of the fact that we are on the whole despite everything ?destined to similar points of interest of nature', we despite everything ?share similar resources', we despite everything don't pick up the option to ?subordinate' another individual, we agree to subordinate our individual flexibilities and freedoms to a custom-based law for our own government assistance. By consenting to this position, we dispense with all out normal balance, parting with the control over our own lives. What's more, genuine correspondence declares that no man is better than another. In any case, to legitimize assets is to found a methods for subjection, in that a person who is the sole owner of a decent or administration has domain over the utilization of that great or administration. Under this arrangement of ownership, where one individual has territory more than one great, and a different individual has ownership over a different yet similarly alluring great, the people must build up exchange with each other to appreciate the elite property of the other. In the occasion that we are without a similarly attractive great, we should have some other mechanism of exchange? money? so as to get the proprietorship or utilization of a property controlled by another. The presentation of
Monday, August 10, 2020
Borderline Personality Disorder and Your Family
Borderline Personality Disorder and Your Family BPD Living With BPD Print Borderline Personality Disorder and Your Family By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on November 25, 2019 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD on November 25, 2019 Ghislain Marie David de Lossy / Getty Images More in BPD Living With BPD Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a devastating mental health condition that doesnât just impact the person with BPD. It also impacts everyone they share relationships with, including friends, family, and romantic partners.?? Since there are so many family issues that are directly impacted by borderline personality symptoms and behaviors, the entire family of a person with borderline personality may suffer.?? These are some of the most common effects of BPD on the family and how to find help as a family. Stress on the Family Watching a loved one with BPD suffer and dealing with very difficult relationship symptoms of BPD are extraordinarily stressful for family members. Family members often feel helpless while watching their loved one with BPD engage in self-destructive behaviors. This may be particularly true for parents or caregivers of adolescents with BPD, who may seem out of control.?? In addition to the chronic stress of caring for a loved one with BPD, many members of the BPD family will experience very severe psychological trauma due to some of the high-risk behaviors associated with BPD.?? For example, many people with BPD engage in self-harm behaviors, such as cutting or burning. These behaviors can become so severe that they can lead to accidental death. In addition, people with BPD have a very high rate of suicide. Family members are often the ones to manage these high-risk behaviors (e.g., driving their loved one to the emergency room after a suicide attempt) and may experience psychological trauma (which can, in severe cases, lead to problems such as post-traumatic stress disorder).?? Guilt and Responsibility Many family members of people with BPD describe very difficult struggles with feelings of guilt.?? Research on the causes of BPD suggests that childhood maltreatment in the form of abuse or neglect may be related to the development of BPD. There is also evidence of a strong genetic component. These findings lead many family members, especially parents, to blame themselves or feel guilty, even if the development of their loved oneâs BPD was outside of their control. Along with the internal struggles about responsibility for the development of BPD, many family members have a hard time figuring out what responsibility they have for their loved onesâ recovery from BPD. Some families try to be supportive but are concerned that if they are too supportive they will reward some of the BPD-related behavior, such as self-harm. Others want to be supportive but feel angry at the person with BPD about their behavior. Finally, some have difficulty being supportive because of their own psychiatric issues. For example, because BPD does tend to run in families, other people in the family may also have BPD. Struggles Between Family and Mental Health System The stress of dealing with a loved oneâs BPD symptoms is compounded by the stress of managing their treatment.?? Often, clinicians rely on the BPD family to help organize the family memberâs treatment, which can involve multiple providers and teams and many different levels of care (including outpatient treatment and occasional partial or inpatient hospitalization). Family members may be called upon to notice changes in their loved oneâs status (e.g., is their mood lower than usual or have they stopped taking their medications as prescribed?), provide transportation to appointments or coordinate searches for new treatment options. Negotiating these details and the larger mental health system is no easy task and can place another burden on an already stressed BPD family system. Broader Effects Unfortunately, the stress, struggles and support issues involved with having a person with BPD in the family can have consequences on both the immediate and extended family.?? Parents of adolescents and adults with BPD describe the intense stress that caring for a child with BPD can introduce into the marriage relationship. It is not uncommon for this level of stress to lead to strain in the marriage and even separation or divorce. In addition, siblings are affected in many ways. Some siblings may also be pulled in to a caregiving role, while others may distance themselves from the family in order to protect themselves (or their own marriages, children, etc.) or to avoid the emotional distress involved in being in a close relationship with someone with BPD. Extended family may also be affected; grandparents, aunts, uncles and other relatives are part of the BPD family support network, and they can also feel the strain of caring for a person with BPD.?? Getting Help It is not always easy for loved ones to find the help and support they need to care for their family member with BPD. If you are committed to getting help, though, there are options and resources available. First, if you suspect that your loved one has BPD, and they are not yet in treatment, you can encourage them to get the help they need. BPD is a very serious mental illness that requires professional help; you cannot help your loved one alone.?? There are also resources specifically available for family members. For example, the National Alliance for Borderline Personality Disorder (NEA-BPD) offers the Family Connections Program throughout the United States. This program is a 12-week class designed to offer education, skills training and support to family members of people with BPD.?? To learn more about the program, visit the Family Connections page of the NEA-BPD website. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs
Saturday, May 23, 2020
The Vietnam War And All That It Entails - 1961 Words
1 The Vietnam War and all that it entails has long symbolized the American cultural revolution of the 1960s and 1970s. It is popular among Hollywood and the music industry, but it is much more than pop culture. The War in Vietnam divided America to its core and helped to reshape the very fabric that makes us Americans from our political process to how civilians choose to react and support our soldiers, sailors and airmen. It has defined our Foreign Policy and even the steps politicians take in the campaign process and when elected the decisions they make in military strategy. From the beginning of mankinds recorded history two things have always been present. They are the struggle for leadership within a chosen group of people who have decided to live together as a group and the wars they have waged to either maintain their dominance or to defend themselves from an agressor attempting to vanquish them and their beliefs. In both examples of the political leader and that of wa rfare, it is the civillian directly or indirectly, that has both control and no control over either unless they rise together to form a powerful enough voice that causes the leaders to change direction to alter the course of events. The American civilian population has only faced this circumstance three times on a large scale in our brief ,but violent history and each time for better or worse have endured. First, they include the infancy of our nation during our revolution and independenceShow MoreRelatedLyndon Johnson And The Vietnam War934 Words à |à 4 Pagespieces Lyndon Johnson who had left while the Vietnam War was still in effect. Many Americans had the expectation that Nixon would be the ââ¬Å"peaceful presidentâ⬠, visualizing he would put an end to this war in Southeast Asian and bring back home our troops. A policy Nixon redefined was the American role in the world by suggesting to limit the U.S resources and commitments. Therefore, Nixonââ¬â¢s set his effo rts to end the war since the withdrawal from Vietnam was not an immediate option. Also, Nixon hadRead MoreAmerican Society And The Ending Of The Vietnam War1415 Words à |à 6 Pagesmentality entails that the most marginalized or outsider societal groups were likely to conform to the rest of society regarding opinions on foreign policy or military action as a means to gain greater social and political acceptance . The rise of the anti-war movement largely marked the end of the idea that patriotism was the ââ¬Å"passport to equalityâ⬠and acceptance. This is deeply explored by Jefferys-Jones in his 2001 book Peace now! American society and the ending of the Vietnam War. He looks atRead MoreLyndon B. Johnsons Immediate Advocacy of the Tonkin Gulf Resolution1493 Words à |à 6 Pagescheck in conducting the Vietnam War. Johnsons accusation of unjustified attacks on American ships by the North Vietnamese in the Gulf of Tonkin led to the resolutions nearly unanimous passage in C ongress three days later. Although with the passage of time the certainty of these attacks has come into question, President Johnson through his presidential powers was able to get the Tonkin Gulf Resolution passed, which gave him near free reign in conducting the Vietnam War. The events leading upRead MoreNo One Is More Vulnerable During Wartime Than Prisoners1534 Words à |à 7 Pageswartime than prisoners of war (POW s). They are at the mercy of an enemy who they had been trying to kill and defeat up until the moment of their capture. During previous wars, this rather precarious situation was handled with a certain amount of professionalism and dignity on the part of captors. The two world wars in Europe are cases in which POW s were given a fair amount of food, clothing, and the ability to write and receive letters in most cases. However, the war in the Pacific involvingRead More Implications of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder for War Veterans1577 Words à |à 7 PagesStress Disorder for War Veterans War is a complex concept that is increasingly difficult to understand, particularly in an age that allows for live images of combat to be beamed around the world. Many war films depict the brutalities of war and affects war has on participants, but it seems that these representations merely skim the surface. The 20th century is an era that saw a significant amount of military action: World Wars I and II, the Cold War, Vietnam, and the Gulf War - millions of menRead MoreAmerican History: a Brief Summary1518 Words à |à 7 Pagesprogress by continuity. Settlers from all over the world came to America looking for the same thingââ¬âa new world. Although these newcomers had different ideas and their share of disagreement, for the most part, everyone wanted the same thing. Americans agreed that it was time for a government and it was time to stop immigration and develop a country.[1] This development depended upon the support and hard work of many people with a common goal. Wars were fought with one thought in mindââ¬âtheRead MoreLegal Issues Of Criminal Justice Administration1058 Words à |à 5 Pagesunbecoming an officer and a gentleman and 134, conduct of a nature to bring discredit upon the armed forces. The law is viewed differently for High ranking official compared to civilian. He was sentenced to discharge from the service, penalization of all pay and payments which he no longer received, and quarantine at hard labor for three years. Under the first Amendment to the United states constitution which protects the prevention of the making of any law respecting an establishment of religionRead MoreEssay On China Global Power1260 Words à |à 6 Pagesterritory. The South China Sea dispute resulted from Japanââ¬â¢s post-World War Two withdrawal from the area and China, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam quickly began attempts to claim remaining islands. The situation became murkier in the 1990s, as oil and natural gas r eserves were discovered. Now, the added development of a Chinese-United States naval rivalry has further complicated the situation. Both China and Vietnam have ties dating back centuries. China has controlled and patrolledRead More Critos Argument Essay1379 Words à |à 6 Pagesphilosopher, fulfilling a divine mission and trusting in the will of Heaven, but simply as the good citizen, who, having been unjustly condemned is willing to give up his life in obedience to the laws of the State. The main argument that seems to entail the discussion between Crito and Socrates is the opinion of the majority on Socratesââ¬â¢ fate. In the amp;quot;Critoamp;quot; Socrates states, amp;quot;Why should we care so much for what the majority think?amp;quot; (Plato 45) Socrates believesRead MoreConfucianism In Monkey Bridge915 Words à |à 4 Pagesastrology, fortunes, parables, and philosophy create the foundation for a unique set of traditions and beliefs. In Monkey Bridge, Lan Cao illustrates how several features of mythology and tradition affect the life of a Vietnamese family during the Vietnam War, and as they migrate to North America. The story of Monkey Bridge revolves around Mai, a young, Vietnamese immigrant adjusting to life in America, and her mother, Thanh, who has difficulty separating from Vietnamese traditions after leaving her
Tuesday, May 12, 2020
Snyder V. Phelps No - 1671 Words
Snyder v. Phelps No. 09-751 131 S. Ct. 1207 (2011) Argued October 6, 2010 Decided March 2, 2011 On March 10, 2006 the Westboro Baptist Church picketed the funeral of fallen Marine, Lance Corporal Matthew Snyder. The Snyder family sued the Church, accusing them of defamation, invasion of privacy by intrusion upon seclusion, and infliction of intentional emotional distress, a tort under state law. On October 6, 2010, Snyder v. Phelps No. 09-751 was brought before the courts. The Justicesââ¬â¢ of the court did not reach a decision until March 2, 2011 (Oyez Project). Fred Phelps and the members of the Westboro Baptist Church believe that God is punishing the United States for its tolerance of homosexuality, especially in Americaââ¬â¢s military. For the past 20 years they have picketed many military funerals across the country. They also condemned the Catholic Church for the scandals involving their clergy. On March 10, 2006, at Matthew Snyderââ¬â¢s funeral, Fred Phelps and six other members of the church, all of which were his family, peacefully displayed their signs which stated, ââ¬Å"Thank God for Dead Soldiers,â⬠ââ¬Å"Fags Doom Nations,â⬠ââ¬Å"Priests Rape Boys,â⬠ââ¬Å"Semper Fi Fags,â⬠God Hates You,â⬠Pope in Hell,â⬠and ââ¬Å"Thank God for 9/11â⬠(Cornell). Prior to picketing this funeral the members of the Westboro Church notified the authorities to insure the fact that they would not be violating any laws. They staged the picket on public land adjacent to a public street, 1,000 feet away from the church theShow MoreRelatedCase Analysis : Snyder V. Phelps Essay977 Words à |à 4 PagesAssignment One: Snyder V. Phelps ââ¬Å"At what point do we take personal attacks, and permit those, as opposed to -- I fully accept youââ¬â¢re entitled, in some circumstances, to speak about any political issue you want. But where is the line between doing that, and creating hardship for an individual?â⬠ââ¬âJustice Sonia Sotomayor. In the case of Snyder V. Phelps, Two very passionate sides debated just that. The Snyder family accused Phelps, or Westboro, of the tort claim of intentional infliction of emotionalRead MoreFirst Amendment and Free Speech Essay1544 Words à |à 7 Pages In the case of Snyder v. Phelps, Snyder sued Phelps, the Westboro Baptist Church, for intentional infliction of emotional distress, invasion of privacy by intrusion upon seclusion, and conspiracy because the church set-up protest outside of his military sonââ¬â¢s funeral service (Chen et al., 2010). Another side of free speech involves a case which allow schools to restrict speech that is promoting illegal drug use. To examine this view this paper will look at the case of Morse v. Frederick. LastlyRead MoreFred Phelps Is The Leader Of The Westboro Baptist Church895 Words à |à 4 PagesName and Citation: Snyder v. Phelps, 562 U. S. ___ (2011) Facts: Fred Phelps is the leader of the Westboro Baptist Church which is considered to be extremist. Phelps and his followers believe that God punishes those who are tolerant of homosexuality. Since, the United States has a high tolerance of homosexuality, they believe that the United States is damned. The military also has recently become more accepting of homosexuals in their ranks, thus the Westboro Baptist Church pickets many militaryRead MoreThe Importance Of Freedom Of Speech1192 Words à |à 5 Pagesspeech is not active fighting words threatening the livelihood of somebody, youââ¬â¢re allowed to say whatever you want. A landmark case in confirming this was the 2010 case of Snyder v. Phelps; the fight between the family of a soldier killed on duty, and Americaââ¬â¢s most hated family. The petitioner of the case was Albert Snyder, father of 20 year old Matthew A.Snyder (represented by Sean E. Summers). In 2006, Matthew was in Iraq on active duty when his Humvee overturned and killed him. Seven days laterRead MoreThe Controversy of Westboro Baptist Church735 Words à |à 3 Pagestaken against them because they have been ruled to be protected by the 1st Amendment. Westboro Baptist Church Background Founded in 1931 in Topeka, KS The church was taken over by Fred Phelps in the 1950s after he was hired as an associate pastor The approximately 75 current members are mostly from the Phelps family, including children as young as five who are made to participate in the protests History of Protests: Anti-Gay Protests (Some examples) Protests against homosexuals or any pro-LGBT:Read MoreLimitations Of Liberalism926 Words à |à 4 Pagessocial and economic justice. However, this is the limit to liberalism to not encroach on anyoneââ¬â¢s equal rights. In the U.S. Supreme Court case Snyder v. Phelps, Fred Phelps and the members of his Westboro Baptist Church, who believes God is punishing the United States for tolerating homosexuals, picketed at Lance Corporal Matthew Snyders funeral. Albert Snyder, the deceasedââ¬â¢s father sued for inflicting emotional distress. While the acts of picketers were non-liberal by being intolerant, they were actsRead MoreThe Westboro Baptist Church : When Does The 1st Amendment Trump The Public Interest?3824 Words à |à 16 Pagesstronger. However, this tactic has caused much consternation from both the public and the government. In the interest of the public, state legislatures have enacted laws against the actions of the Westboro Baptist Church. The landmark case of Snyder v. Phelps would have been the deciding factor against the group, but the Supreme Court held in favor of the group because their actions were protected by the First Amendment. This then would present the notion that the First Amendment trumped public interestRead MoreThe Judicial Philosophy Of Samuel Alito1298 Words à |à 6 Pagesthe meaning that someone would have taken from the text of the Constitution at the time of its adoptionâ⬠(Liptak 2006). To Justice Alito, the Constitution should be look at in terms of the time and era when it was written. In the case of Hollingsworth v. Perry indicates that Justice Samuel Alito dissented this case. He believes that proposition 8 should remain and this kind of case should go through the legislative process instead. In his dissent he stated, ââ¬Å"In the end, what the Court fails to graspRead MoreFree Speech : Freedom Of Speech1889 Words à |à 8 Pagesright to make or distribute obscene materials, Roth v. United States, 354 U.S. 476 ( 1957), or to provoke actions that would harm others, Schenck v. United States, 249 U.S. 47 (1919). Freedom of Speech includes but is not limited to the right ââ¬Å"not to speak,â⬠specifically, the right not to salute the flag, West Virginia Board of Education v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943); the right of students to wear black armbands to school to protest war, Tinker v. Des Moines, 393 U.S. 503 (1969); and the right toRead MoreThe Freedom Of Speech Protected Under The Frist Constitution Essay1769 Words à |à 8 Pages there are in some cases where a certain kind of speech is unprotected if it involves ââ¬Å" fighting words ââ¬Å" or as defined by the Supreme Court speech that intends to innate a violent reaction or breaches the peace. For instance the case, Chaplinsky v. Hampshire (1940) Walter Chaplinsky, a Jehovah s Witness, was using a public sidewalk as a platform in downtown Rochester, handing out pamphlets and labeling organized religion a racket. After a large crowd had begun to form blocking the roads and
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Frostbite Chapter 23 Free Essays
string(42) " her on that first day weââ¬â¢d talked\." Twenty-three THE WEATHER WARMED UP ON the day of my molnija ceremony. In fact, it was so warm that a lot of the snow on campus began melting, running down the sides of the Academyââ¬â¢s stone buildings in slim, silvery streams. Winter was far from being over, so I knew everything would just freeze up again in a few days. We will write a custom essay sample on Frostbite Chapter 23 or any similar topic only for you Order Now For now, though, it felt as though the entire world was weeping. I had walked away from the Spokane incident with minor bruises and cuts. The burns from the melting flex-cuffs were the worst of my injuries. But I was still having a hard time dealing with the death Iââ¬â¢d caused and the death Iââ¬â¢d seen. Iââ¬â¢d wanted little more than to go curl up in a ball somewhere and not talk to anyone, except maybe Lissa. But on my fourth day back at the Academy, my mother had found me and told me it was time to receive my marks. It had taken me several moments to grasp what she was talking about. Then it occurred to me that in decapitating two Strigoi, Iââ¬â¢d earned two molnija tattoos. My first ones. The realization had stunned me. All my life, in considering my future career as a guardian, Iââ¬â¢d looked forward to the marks. Iââ¬â¢d seen them as badges of honor. But now? Mainly they were going to be reminders of something I wanted to forget. The ceremony took place in the guardiansââ¬â¢ building, in a large room they used for meetings and banquets. It was nothing at all like the great dining room at the resort. It was efficient and practical, like the guardians were. The carpet was a bluish gray shade, low and tightly woven. The bare white walls held framed black-and-white photos of St. Vladimirââ¬â¢s through the years. There were no other decorations or fanfare, yet the solemnity and power of the moment were palpable. All the guardians on campus- but no novices- attended. They milled around in the buildingââ¬â¢s main meeting room, hanging out in clusters but not talking. When the ceremony started, they fell into orderly ranks without being told and watched me. I sat on a stool in the corner of the room, leaning forward with my hair hanging over the front of my face. Behind me, a guardian named Lionel held a tattooistââ¬â¢s needle to the back of my neck. Iââ¬â¢d known him the whole time Iââ¬â¢d been at the Academy, but Iââ¬â¢d never realized he was trained to draw molnija marks. Before he started, he had a murmured conversation with my mother and Alberta. ââ¬Å"She wonââ¬â¢t have a promise mark,â⬠he said. ââ¬Å"She hasnââ¬â¢t graduated.â⬠ââ¬Å"It happens,â⬠said Alberta. ââ¬Å"She made the kills. Do the molnijas, and sheââ¬â¢ll get the promise mark later.â⬠Considering the pain I regularly put myself through, I didnââ¬â¢t expect the tattoos to hurt as much as they did. But I bit my lip and stayed silent as Lionel made the marks. The process seemed to go on forever. When he finished, he produced a couple of mirrors, and with some maneuvering, I was able to see the back of my neck. Two tiny black marks sat there, side by side, against my reddened and sensitive skin. Molnija meant ââ¬Å"lightningâ⬠in Russian, and thatââ¬â¢s what the jagged shape was meant to symbolize. Two marks. One for Isaiah, one for Elena. Once Iââ¬â¢d seen them, he bandaged them up and gave me some instructions about caring for them while they healed. Most of it I missed, but I figured I could ask again later. I was still kind of shocked by it all. After that, all the gathered guardians came up to me one by one. They each gave me some sort of sign of affection- a hug, a kiss on the cheek- and kind words. ââ¬Å"Welcome to the ranks,â⬠said Alberta, her weathered face gentle as she pulled me into a tight embrace. Dimitri didnââ¬â¢t say anything when his turn came, but as always, his eyes spoke legions. Pride and tenderness filled his expression, and I swallowed back tears. He rested one hand gently on my cheek, nodded, and walked away. When Stan- the instructor Iââ¬â¢d fought with the most since my first day- hugged me and said, ââ¬Å"Now youââ¬â¢re one of us. I always knew youââ¬â¢d be one of the best,â⬠I thought Iââ¬â¢d pass out. And then when my mother came up to me, I couldnââ¬â¢t help the tear that ran down my cheek. She wiped it away and then brushed her fingers against the back of my neck. ââ¬Å"Donââ¬â¢t ever forget,â⬠she told me. Nobody said, ââ¬Å"Congratulations,â⬠and I was glad. Death wasnââ¬â¢t anything to get excited about. When that was done, drinks and food were served. I walked to the buffet table and made a plate for myself of miniature feta quiches and a slice of mango cheesecake. I ate without really tasting the food and answered questions from others without even knowing what I said half the time. It was like I was a Rose robot, going through the motions of what was expected. On the back of my neck, my skin stung from the tattoos, and in my mind, I kept seeing Masonââ¬â¢s blue eyes and Isaiahââ¬â¢s red ones. I felt guilty for not enjoying my big day more, but I was relieved when the group finally started dispersing. My mother walked up to me as others murmured their goodbyes. Aside from her words here at the ceremony, we hadnââ¬â¢t talked much since my breakdown on the plane. I still felt a little funny about that- and a little embarrassed as well. Sheââ¬â¢d never mentioned it, but something very small had shifted in the nature of our relationship. We werenââ¬â¢t anywhere near being friendsâ⬠¦but we werenââ¬â¢t exactly enemies anymore either. ââ¬Å"Lord Szelsky is leaving soon,â⬠she told me as we stood near the buildingââ¬â¢s doorway, not far from where Iââ¬â¢d yelled for her on that first day weââ¬â¢d talked. You read "Frostbite Chapter 23" in category "Essay examples" ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ll be going with him.â⬠ââ¬Å"I know,â⬠I said. There was no question sheââ¬â¢d leave. That was how it was. Guardians followed Moroi. They came first. She regarded me for a few moments, her brown eyes thoughtful. For the first time in a long time, I felt like we were actually looking eye to eye, as opposed to her looking down on me. It was about time, too, seeing as I had half a foot of height on her. ââ¬Å"You did well,â⬠she said at last. ââ¬Å"Considering the circumstances.â⬠It was only half a compliment, but I deserved no more. I understood now the mistakes and lapses of judgment that had led to the events at Isaiahââ¬â¢s house. Some had been my fault; some hadnââ¬â¢t. I wished I could have changed some of my actions, but I knew she was right. Iââ¬â¢d done the best I could in the end with the mess before me. ââ¬Å"Killing Strigoi wasnââ¬â¢t as glamorous as I thought itââ¬â¢d be,â⬠I told her. She gave me a sad smile. ââ¬Å"No. It never is.â⬠I thought then about all the marks on her neck, all the kills. I shuddered. ââ¬Å"Oh, hey.â⬠Eager to change the subject, I reached into my pocket and pulled out the little blue eye pendant sheââ¬â¢d given me. ââ¬Å"This thing you gave me. Itââ¬â¢s a n-nazariâ⬠I stumbled over the word. She looked surprised. ââ¬Å"Yes. Howââ¬â¢d you know?â⬠I didnââ¬â¢t want to explain my dreams with Adrian. ââ¬Å"Someone told me. Itââ¬â¢s a protection thing, right?â⬠A pensive look crossed her face, and then she exhaled and nodded. ââ¬Å"Yes. It comes from an old superstition in the Middle Eastâ⬠¦Some people believe that those who want to hurt you can curse you or give you ââ¬Ëthe evil eye.ââ¬â¢ The nazar is meant to counteract the evil eye â⬠¦ and just bring protection in general to those who wear it.â⬠I ran my fingers over the piece of glass. ââ¬Å"Middle Eastâ⬠¦so, places sort of like, um, Turkey?â⬠My motherââ¬â¢s lips quirked. ââ¬Å"Places exactly like Turkey.â⬠She hesitated. ââ¬Å"It was â⬠¦ a gift. A gift I received a long time ago â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ Her gaze turned inward, lost in memory. ââ¬Å"I got a lot of â⬠¦ attention from men when I was your age. Attention that seemed flattering at first but wasnââ¬â¢t in the end. Itââ¬â¢s hard to tell the difference sometimes, between whatââ¬â¢s real affection and whatââ¬â¢s someone wanting to take advantage of you. But when you feel the real thingâ⬠¦well, youââ¬â¢ll know.â⬠I understood then why she was so overprotective about my reputation- sheââ¬â¢d endangered her own when she was younger. Maybe more than that had been damaged. I also knew why sheââ¬â¢d given the nazar to me. My father had given it to her. I didnââ¬â¢t think she wanted to talk anymore about it, so I didnââ¬â¢t ask. It was enough to know that maybe, just maybe, their relationship hadnââ¬â¢t been all about business and genes after all. We said goodbye, and I returned to my classes. Everyone knew where Iââ¬â¢d been that morning, and my fellow novices wanted to see my molnija marks. I didnââ¬â¢t blame them. If our roles had been reversed, I would have been harassing me too. ââ¬Å"Come on, Rose,â⬠begged Shane Reyes. We were walking out of our morning practice, and he kept swatting my ponytail. I made a mental note to wear my hair down tomorrow. Several others followed us and echoed his requests. ââ¬Å"Yeah, come on. Letââ¬â¢s see what you got for your swordsmanship!â⬠Their eyes shone with eagerness and excitement. I was a hero, their classmate whoââ¬â¢d dispatched the leaders of the roving band of Strigoi that had so terrorized us over the holidays. But I met the eyes of someone standing at the back of the group, someone who looked neither eager nor excited. Eddie. Meeting my gaze, he gave me a small, sad smile. He understood. ââ¬Å"Sorry, guys,â⬠I said, turning back to the others. ââ¬Å"They have to stay bandaged. Doctorââ¬â¢s orders.â⬠This was met with grumbles that soon turned into questions about how Iââ¬â¢d actually killed the Strigoi. Decapitation was one of the hardest and rarest ways to kill a vampire; it wasnââ¬â¢t like carrying a sword was convenient. So I did my best to tell my friends what had happened, making sure to stick to the facts and not glorify the killings. The school day couldnââ¬â¢t end a moment too soon, and Lissa walked with me back to my dorm. She and I hadnââ¬â¢t had the chance to talk much since everything had gone down in Spokane. Iââ¬â¢d undergone a lot of questioning, and then thereââ¬â¢d been Masonââ¬â¢s funeral. Lissa had also been caught up in her own distractions with the royals leaving campus, so sheââ¬â¢d had no more free time than me. Being near her made me feel better. Even though I could be in her head at any time, it just wasnââ¬â¢t the same as actually being physically around another living person who cared about you. When we got to the door of my room, I saw a bouquet of freesias sitting on the floor near it. Sighing, I picked up the fragrant flowers without even looking at the attached card. ââ¬Å"What are those?â⬠asked Lissa while I unlocked the door. ââ¬Å"Theyââ¬â¢re from Adrian,â⬠I told her. We walked inside, and I pointed to my desk, where a few other bouquets sat. I put the freesias down beside them. ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ll be glad when he leaves campus. I donââ¬â¢t think I can take much more of this.â⬠She turned to me in surprise. ââ¬Å"Oh. Um, you donââ¬â¢t know.â⬠I got that warning twinge through the bond that told me I wouldnââ¬â¢t like what was about to come. ââ¬Å"Know what?â⬠ââ¬Å"Uh, he isnââ¬â¢t leaving. Heââ¬â¢s going to stay here for a while.â⬠ââ¬Å"He has to leave,â⬠I argued. To my knowledge, the only reason heââ¬â¢d come back at all was because of Masonââ¬â¢s funeral, and I still wasnââ¬â¢t sure why heââ¬â¢d done that, since he barely knew Mason. Maybe Adrian had just done it for show. Or maybe to keep stalking Lissa and me. ââ¬Å"Heââ¬â¢s in college. Or maybe reform school. I donââ¬â¢t know, but he does something.â⬠ââ¬Å"Heââ¬â¢s taking the semester off.â⬠I stared. Smiling at my shock, she nodded. ââ¬Å"Heââ¬â¢s going to stay and work with meâ⬠¦ and Ms. Carmack. All this time, he never even knew what spirit was. He just knew he hadnââ¬â¢t specialized but that he had these weird abilities. He just kept them to himself, except for when he occasionally found another spirit user. But they didnââ¬â¢t know any more than he did.â⬠ââ¬Å"I should have figured it out sooner,â⬠I mused. ââ¬Å"There was something about being around him. â⬠¦ I always wanted to talk to him, you know? He just has this â⬠¦ charisma. Like you do. I guess itââ¬â¢s all tied into spirit and compulsion or whatever. It makes me like him â⬠¦ even though I donââ¬â¢t like him.â⬠ââ¬Å"Donââ¬â¢t you?â⬠she teased. ââ¬Å"No,â⬠I replied adamantly. ââ¬Å"And I donââ¬â¢t like that dream thing, either.â⬠Her jade eyes went wide with wonder. ââ¬Å"That is cool,â⬠she said. ââ¬Å"Youââ¬â¢ve always been able to tell whatââ¬â¢s going on with me, but Iââ¬â¢ve never been able to communicate with you the other way. Iââ¬â¢m glad you guys got away when you didâ⬠¦but I wish I could have figured out the dream thing and helped find you.â⬠ââ¬Å"Not me,â⬠I said. ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢m glad Adrian didnââ¬â¢t get you to go off your meds.â⬠I hadnââ¬â¢t found that out until a few days after being in Spokane. Lissa had apparently rejected Adrianââ¬â¢s initial suggestion that stopping the pills would let her learn more about spirit. She had admitted to me later, however, that if Christian and I had stayed missing much longer, she might have cracked. ââ¬Å"How are you feeling lately?â⬠I asked, recalling her concerns about the medication. ââ¬Å"You still feel like the pills arenââ¬â¢t working?â⬠ââ¬Å"Mmmâ⬠¦well, itââ¬â¢s hard to explain. I still feel closer to the magic, like maybe they arenââ¬â¢t blocking me so much anymore. But Iââ¬â¢m not feeling any of the other mental side effectsâ⬠¦not upset or anything.â⬠ââ¬Å"Wow, thatââ¬â¢s great.â⬠A beautiful smile lit her face. ââ¬Å"I know. It makes me think there might be hope for me to learn to work the magic after all someday.â⬠Seeing her so happy made me smile back. I hadnââ¬â¢t liked seeing those dark feelings starting to return and was glad theyââ¬â¢d vanished. I didnââ¬â¢t understand the how or the why, but as long as she felt okay- Everyone has light around them, except for you. You have shadows. You take them from Lissa. Adrianââ¬â¢s words slammed into my mind. Uneasily, I thought about my behavior these last couple of weeks. Some of the angry outbursts. My rebelliousness- unusual even for me. My own black coil of emotion, stirring in my chestâ⬠¦ No, I decided. There were no similarities. Lissaââ¬â¢s dark feelings were magic-based. Mine were stress-based. Besides, I felt fine right now. Seeing her watching me, I tried to remember where weââ¬â¢d left off in the conversation. ââ¬Å"Maybe youââ¬â¢ll eventually find a way to make it work. I mean, if Adrian could find a way to use spirit and doesnââ¬â¢t need meds â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ She suddenly laughed. ââ¬Å"You donââ¬â¢t know, do you?â⬠ââ¬Å"What?â⬠ââ¬Å"That Adrian does medicate himself.â⬠ââ¬Å"He does? But he said- â⬠I groaned. ââ¬Å"Of course he does. The cigarettes. The drinking. God only knows what else.â⬠She nodded. ââ¬Å"Yup. Heââ¬â¢s almost always got something in his system.â⬠ââ¬Å"But probably not at nightâ⬠¦which is why he can poke his head into my dreams.â⬠ââ¬Å"Man, I wish I could do that,â⬠she sighed. ââ¬Å"Maybe youââ¬â¢ll learn someday. Just donââ¬â¢t become an alcoholic in the process.â⬠ââ¬Å"I wonââ¬â¢t,â⬠she assured me. ââ¬Å"But I will learn. None of the other spirit users could do it, Rose- well, aside from St. Vladimir. Iââ¬â¢ll learn like he did. Iââ¬â¢m going to learn to use it- and I wonââ¬â¢t let it hurt me.â⬠I smiled and touched her hand. I had absolute faith in her. ââ¬Å"I know.â⬠We talked for most of the evening. When the time came for my usual practice with Dimitri, I parted ways with her. As I walked away, I pondered something that had been bothering me. Although the attacking groups of Strigoi had had many more members, the guardians felt confident Isaiah had been their leader. That didnââ¬â¢t mean there wouldnââ¬â¢t be other threats in the future, but they felt itââ¬â¢d be a while before his followers regrouped. But I couldnââ¬â¢t help thinking about the list Iââ¬â¢d seen in the tunnel in Spokane, the one that had listed royal families by size. And Isaiah had mentioned the Dragomirs by name. He knew they were almost gone, and heââ¬â¢d sounded keen on being the one to finish them. Sure, he was dead nowâ⬠¦but were there other Strigoi out there with the same idea? I shook my head. I couldnââ¬â¢t worry about that. Not today. I still needed to recover from everything else. Soon, though. Soon Iââ¬â¢d have to deal with this. I didnââ¬â¢t even know if our practice was still on but went to the locker room anyway. After changing into practice clothes, I headed down into the gym and found Dimitri in a supply room, reading one of the Western novels he loved. He looked up at my entrance. Iââ¬â¢d seen little of him in these last few days and had figured he was busy with Tasha. ââ¬Å"I thought you might come by,â⬠he said, putting a bookmark between the pages. ââ¬Å"Itââ¬â¢s time for practice.â⬠He shook his head. ââ¬Å"No. No practice today. You still need to recover.â⬠ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ve got a clean bill of health. Iââ¬â¢m good to go.â⬠I pushed as much patented Rose Hathaway bravado into my words as I could. Dimitri wasnââ¬â¢t falling for any of it. He gestured to the chair beside him. ââ¬Å"Sit down, Rose.â⬠I hesitated only a moment before complying. He moved his own chair close to mine so that we sat directly across from each other. My heart fluttered as I looked into those gorgeous dark eyes. ââ¬Å"No one gets over their first killâ⬠¦killsâ⬠¦easily. Even with Strigoiâ⬠¦well, itââ¬â¢s still technically taking a life. Thatââ¬â¢s hard to come to terms with. And after everything else you went through â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ He sighed, then reached out and caught my hand in his. His fingers were exactly like I remembered, long and powerful, calloused with years of training. ââ¬Å"When I saw your faceâ⬠¦when we found you in that houseâ⬠¦you canââ¬â¢t imagine how I felt.â⬠I swallowed. ââ¬Å"How â⬠¦ how did you feel?â⬠ââ¬Å"Devastated â⬠¦ grief-stricken. You were alive, but the way you looked â⬠¦ I didnââ¬â¢t think youââ¬â¢d ever recover. And it tore me apart to think of that happening to you so young.â⬠He squeezed my hand. ââ¬Å"You will recover- I know that now, and Iââ¬â¢m glad. But you arenââ¬â¢t there. Not yet. Losing someone you care about is never easy.â⬠My eyes dropped from his and studied the floor. ââ¬Å"Itââ¬â¢s my fault,â⬠I said in a small voice. ââ¬Å"Hmm?â⬠ââ¬Å"Mason. Getting killed.â⬠I didnââ¬â¢t have to see Dimitriââ¬â¢s face to know compassion was filling it. ââ¬Å"Oh, Roza. No. You made some bad decisionsâ⬠¦you should have told others when you knew he was goneâ⬠¦but you canââ¬â¢t blame yourself. You didnââ¬â¢t kill him.â⬠Tears brimmed in my eyes as I looked back up. ââ¬Å"I might as well have. The whole reason he went there- it was my fault. We had a fightâ⬠¦and I told him about the Spokane thing, even though you asked me not toâ⬠¦.â⬠One tear leaked out of the corner of my eye. Really, I needed to learn to stop that. Just as my mother had, Dimitri delicately wiped the tear off my cheek. ââ¬Å"You canââ¬â¢t blame yourself for that,â⬠he told me. ââ¬Å"You can regret your decisions and wish youââ¬â¢d done things differently, but in the end, Mason made his decisions too. That was what he chose to do. It was his decision in the end, no matter your original role.â⬠When Mason had come back for me, I realized, heââ¬â¢d let his feelings for me get in the way. It was what Dimitri had always feared, that if he and I had any sort of relationship, it would put us- and any Moroi we protected- in danger. ââ¬Å"I just wish Iââ¬â¢d been able to â⬠¦ I donââ¬â¢t know, do anythingâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ Swallowing back further tears, I pulled my hands from Dimitriââ¬â¢s and stood up before I could say something stupid. ââ¬Å"I should go,â⬠I said thickly. ââ¬Å"Let me know when you want to start practice again. And thanks for â⬠¦ talking.â⬠I started to turn; then I heard him say abruptly, ââ¬Å"No.â⬠I glanced back. ââ¬Å"What?â⬠He held my gaze, and something warm and wonderful and powerful shot between us. ââ¬Å"No,â⬠he repeated. ââ¬Å"I told her no. Tasha.â⬠ââ¬Å"I â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ I shut my mouth before my jaw hit the floor. ââ¬Å"Butâ⬠¦why? That was a once-in-a-lifetime thing. You could have had a baby. And she â⬠¦ she was, you know, into youâ⬠¦.â⬠The ghost of a smile flickered on his face. ââ¬Å"Yes, she was. Is. And thatââ¬â¢s why I had to say no. I couldnââ¬â¢t return thatâ⬠¦couldnââ¬â¢t give her what she wanted. Not whenâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ He took a few steps toward me. ââ¬Å"Not when my heart is somewhere else.â⬠I almost started crying again. ââ¬Å"But you seemed so into her. And you kept going on about how young I acted.â⬠ââ¬Å"You act young,â⬠he said, ââ¬Å"because you are young. But you know things, Roza. Things people older than you donââ¬â¢t even know. That day â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ I knew instantly which day he referred to. The one up against the wall. ââ¬Å"You were right, about how I fight to stay in control. No one else has ever figured that out- and it scared me. You scare me.â⬠ââ¬Å"Why? Donââ¬â¢t you want anyone to know?â⬠He shrugged. ââ¬Å"Whether they know that fact or not doesnââ¬â¢t matter. What matters is that someone- that you- know me that well. When a person can see into your soul, itââ¬â¢s hard. It forces you to be open. Vulnerable. Itââ¬â¢s much easier being with someone whoââ¬â¢s just more of a casual friend.â⬠ââ¬Å"Like Tasha.â⬠ââ¬Å"Tasha Ozera is an amazing woman. Sheââ¬â¢s beautiful and sheââ¬â¢s brave. But she doesnââ¬â¢t- ââ¬Å" ââ¬Å"She doesnââ¬â¢t get you,â⬠I finished. He nodded. ââ¬Å"I knew that. But I still wanted the relationship. I knew it would be easy and that she could take me away from you. I thought she could make me forget you.â⬠Iââ¬â¢d thought the same thing about Mason. ââ¬Å"But she couldnââ¬â¢t.â⬠ââ¬Å"Yes. And, so â⬠¦ thatââ¬â¢s a problem.â⬠ââ¬Å"Because itââ¬â¢s wrong for us to be together.â⬠ââ¬Å"Yes.â⬠ââ¬Å"Because of the age difference.â⬠ââ¬Å"Yes.â⬠ââ¬Å"But more importantly because weââ¬â¢re going to be Lissaââ¬â¢s guardians and need to focus on her- not each other.â⬠ââ¬Å"Yes.â⬠I thought about this for a moment and then looked straight into his eyes. ââ¬Å"Well,â⬠I said at last, ââ¬Å"the way I see it, we arenââ¬â¢t Lissaââ¬â¢s guardians yet.â⬠I steeled myself for the next response. I knew it was going to be one of the Zen life lessons. Something about inner strength and perseverance, about how the choices we made today were templates for the future or some other nonsense. Instead he kissed me. Time stopped as he reached out and cupped my face between his hands. He brought his mouth down and brushed it against my lips. It was barely a kiss at first but soon increased, becoming heady and deep. When he finally pulled away, it was to kiss my forehead. He left his lips there for several seconds as his arms held me close. I wished the kiss could have gone on forever. Breaking the embrace, he ran a few fingers through my hair and down my cheek. He stepped back toward the door. ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ll see you later, Roza.â⬠ââ¬Å"At our next practice?â⬠I asked. ââ¬Å"We are starting those up again, right? I mean, you still have things to teach me.â⬠Standing in the doorway, he looked over at me and smiled. ââ¬Å"Yes. Lots of things.â⬠How to cite Frostbite Chapter 23, Essay examples
Saturday, May 2, 2020
Rogerian Arguments Essay Example For Students
Rogerian Arguments Essay The expression argument has two meanings in scholarly writing. First, it means a composition that takes a position on one side of a divisive issue. You might write an argument against the death penalty, or for or against censorship of pornography. But argument has another meaning, too. It means an essay that, simply, argues a point. You might assemble an argument about the significance of ancestor myths in a certain aborigine culture, or you might write an argument defending your understanding of any poem or essay that is read in your philosophy class. (Winthrop University) You are not necessarily taking one side of a divisive issue, but you are required to defend your points with credible evidence. You are taking a position. In a sense, then, an argument is another word for a thesis. An argument needs to be narrow enough for you to support in the length of essay assigned. Typically, we think of winners and losers of arguments. Our practice of argument goes back to traditional Greece when speakers tried to influence fellow voters in the early democratic debates over guiding principles. (Kiefer) Building on this ritual of pro and con, our legal system goes even further to put emphasis on the adversarial nature of many arguments. But arguments dont always have to believe that readers make a yes/no, innocent/guilty, on/off decision. Many arguments build toward compromise. An approach most authors dont describe is called Rogerian argument. Rogerian expression was introduced by Young, Becker and Pike in their 1970 textbook, Rhetoric: Discovery and Change. (Brent) Traditional rhetoric, Young, Becker and Pike asserted, assumes an adversarial affiliation in which the speaker uses modes of influence to break down the audiences oppositi. .to a jury. But classical arguments do not work as well in situations where a loving, congenial or even friendly relationship needs to be maintained. So, again, Rogerian argumentation can be thought of as a ââ¬Å"kinder, gentlerâ⬠way to argueââ¬âand one that may often serve you well. Bibliography Boeree, C. George, Dr. Personality Theories. 1998. Shippensburg University. 27 July 2011 edu>. Brent, Douglas. Rogerian Rhetoric: An Alternative To Traditional Rhetoric. Argument Revisted, Argument Redefined: Negotiating Meaning in the Composition Classroom (1996): 73-96. Kiefer, Kate. What is Rogerian Argument? 1993-2011. Colorado State University. 3 August 2011. Rogers, C. R., and D. Ryback. One Alternative to Planetary Suicide. The Consulting Psychologist (1984): 35-54. Winthrop University. Rogerian Argumentation. 2000. Winthrop . 4 August 2011.
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